TOP 250 HTML Interview Questions and Answers for Beginners (Set 1)

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Introduction

This document focuses on essential HTML questions for interviews, aiming to strengthen your foundational knowledge of web development. Each question is followed by a concise answer and explanation, ensuring a comprehensive understanding.

1. What is HTML, and why is it used?

  • Answer: HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is a standard markup language used to create the structure of web pages. It defines elements like headings, paragraphs, images, and links that browsers render.

    Explanation: HTML forms the backbone of every webpage and works in tandem with CSS for styling and JavaScript for interactivity.

2. What are semantic elements in HTML?

  • Answer: Semantic elements clearly describe their meaning to both developers and browsers. Examples include <header>, <footer>, <article>, and <nav>.

    Explanation: Semantic elements improve code readability, SEO, and accessibility by explicitly defining the role of each section.

3. How do you create a hyperlink in HTML?

  • Answer: Use the <a> tag with the href attribute:

    <a href="https://example.com">Visit Example</a>

    Explanation: The href attribute specifies the URL the link points to, while the text between the opening and closing <a> tags serves as the clickable link.

4. What is the difference between inline and block-level elements?

  • Answer: Block-level elements start on a new line and occupy the full width (e.g., <div>, <p>), while inline elements appear within a line of text (e.g., <span>, <a>).

    Explanation: Understanding the behavior of these elements is crucial for structuring layouts and styling content.

5. How do you add an image to a webpage?

  • Answer: Use the <img> tag with src and alt attributes:

    <img src="image.jpg" alt="Description of the image">

    Explanation: The src attribute specifies the image path, and the alt attribute provides alternative text for accessibility and when the image cannot load.

6. What is the purpose of the <head> element?

  • Answer: The <head> contains metadata about the document, such as the title, character encoding, and links to stylesheets and scripts.

    Explanation: Content in the <head> is not displayed on the page but plays a critical role in its functionality and SEO.

7. What is the <meta> tag used for?

  • Answer: The <meta> tag provides metadata, such as the character set, viewport settings, and SEO information. Example:

    <meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

    Explanation: Metadata helps browsers and search engines understand the page better, enhancing performance and accessibility.

8. How do you create a list in HTML?

  • Answer:

    • Unordered list:

      <ul>
  <li>Item 1</li>
  <li>Item 2</li>
</ul>

    • Ordered list:

      <ol>
  <li>First Item</li>
  <li>Second Item</li>
</ol>

    Explanation: Unordered lists use bullet points, while ordered lists use numbers or letters.

9. What is the role of the id and class attributes?

  • Answer: The id attribute uniquely identifies an element, while the class attribute applies shared styles to multiple elements.

    Explanation: IDs are unique within a page and used for JavaScript or CSS targeting. Classes group elements for styling or scripting.

10. How do you include an external CSS file?

  • Answer: Use the <link> tag inside the <head> section:

    <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">

    Explanation: The href attribute specifies the path to the CSS file, and rel="stylesheet" identifies the link as a style sheet.

11. What are void elements in HTML?

  • Answer: Void elements are self-closing tags that do not require a closing tag. Examples include <img>, <input>, <br>, and <hr>.

    Explanation: These elements are typically used for inserting content or structure that does not need child elements.

12. How do you create a table in HTML?

  • Answer: Use the <table>, <tr> (row), <th> (header), and <td> (data) tags:

    <table>
  <tr>
    <th>Header 1</th>
    <th>Header 2</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Data 1</td>
    <td>Data 2</td>
  </tr>
</table>

    Explanation: Tables structure data into rows and columns, ideal for presenting tabular data.

13. What is the difference between <b> and <strong>?

  • Answer: <b> makes text bold without semantic meaning, while <strong> conveys semantic emphasis along with bold formatting.

    Explanation: Use <strong> for important content to enhance accessibility and SEO.

14. How do you create a form in HTML?

  • Answer: Use the <form> element with input fields:

    <form action="/submit" method="post">
  <label for="name">Name:</label>
  <input type="text" id="name" name="name">
  <button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>

    Explanation: Forms collect user input, and the action attribute specifies where the form data is sent.

15. What is the <iframe> element used for?

  • Answer: Embeds another HTML document within the current page:

    <iframe src="https://example.com" width="600" height="400"></iframe>

    Explanation: <iframe> allows you to display external content, such as videos or maps, directly within your page.

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